The working principle of rupture disc is to achieve precise pressure relief through the preset breaking strength and pressure conduction characteristics of the material. Rupture disc is a thin disc-shaped element made of metal, non-metallic or composite materials. Its key design is through precise calculation and processing, so that when the pressure on a specific area of rupture disc reaches a preset value, it can break or break instantly, forming a stable pressure relief channel, and quickly discharging the overpressure medium in the equipment or pipeline until the system pressure drops to a safe range. The focus of this process is on the precise control of preset pressure. In the production process, the manufacturer strictly controls the burst pressure deviation of the rupture disc within ±5% by adjusting the material thickness, changing the structure of the weak links, and optimizing the processing technology, so that the rupture disc will not malfunction under normal working pressure, nor will it delay rupture during overpressure. For example, the metal rupture disc used in a chemical reactor will make annular or cross-shaped nicks in the center or edge of the disc. The thickness of the material at these nicks is only one-third to one-half of that of other areas. When the pressure reaches a preset value, the stress will be concentrated at the nicks, causing the rupture disc to break accurately along the nicks to avoid splashing debris and cause secondary damage to the equipment.
From the point of view of the work stage, the entire work process of rupture disc can be divided into four stages: static standby, pressure response, medium pressure relief, and complete protection. The characteristics of each stage will directly affect the protection effect. In the static standby phase, the rupture disc is located at the interface of the equipment or pipeline, and the system pressure is balanced. At this time, the rupture disc body is not deformed, the gripper is well sealed, and it is in a state of zero leakage. Normal production is not affected. This stage may last for months or even years. The test is the fatigue resistance and stability of the rupture disc material, so as to avoid the aging or performance attenuation of the material due to long-term pressure. After entering the pressure response stage, when the system pressure exceeds the normal range due to uncontrolled reaction, valve misoperation, pipeline blockage, etc., the pressure will be quickly transmitted through the medium to the rupture disc body. At this time, the weak links of the rupture disc begin to bear concentrated stress, and the molecular structure inside the material will gradually change, but no fracture has occurred. The duration of this stage is very short, and the rupture disc is required to have a fast pressure response ability to avoid the continuous increase in system pressure due to delayed response. In the medium pressure relief stage, when the pressure reaches the preset blasting value, the weak links of the rupture disc will break instantly, forming a pressure relief channel with a diameter similar to the rupture disc. The overpressure medium is discharged through the channel at high speed. System pressure will drop rapidly within a few seconds. The focus of this stage is on the stability of the pressure relief area. It is necessary to ensure that there will be no debris blocking the channel after the rupture disc breaks, so as to ensure the smooth discharge of the medium. Finally, the protection stage is completed. When the system pressure drops to a safe range, the protection task of the rupture disc is completed. At this time, a new rupture disc needs to be replaced according to the process requirements to restore the equipment to normal operation.
In short, for B-side buyers, choosing a rupture disc with a reliable working mechanism is not only to purchase a safety equipment, but also to build a stable safety protection for the production system. With many years of industry experience, we understand the differentiated needs of different fields for the working performance of rupture disc. No matter what kind of rupture disc you need, we can use stable work performance to become your reliable partner for production safety.
